Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *teri, *trey-

Meaning: num.: three

Hittite: tarrijanalli- c. 'der dritte' (Friedrich 214)

Tokharian: A trit, B trite 'third' (Adams 316); A tre (m.), tri (f.), B trai, tarya (PT *trey, *täryä) "three" (319)

Old Indian: m. tráyaḥ, n. ved. trī, f. tisráḥ 'three'; tr̥tīya- `third'; trayá- 'thrice', traya- n. 'triad'

Avestan: m. ɵrāyō, n. ɵrī, f. tišrō; ɵritya- 'third'

Other Iranian: OPers ɵitīya- 'third'

Armenian: erekh, gen. erich, instr. erivkh

Old Greek: trẹ̄̂s m., f. (Dor. trées, trēs), tría n., gen. triō̂n, dat. trisí (aeol. trissi) 'three'; tríto-, térto- 'third'

Slavic: *trьje, n. *trī; *tretь(jь), *tretь; m. pl. *troji

Baltic: *trī̃-s, *trī̂-, *trej-, *tre-t-ja- adj., *tir-t-a- adj.

Germanic: { *ɵrīz, acc. *ɵrinz, n. *ɵrija-n usw.; *ɵridʌ́- 'third'; OIsl ɵrennr 'dreifach', ɵrenner 'drei' (bei Kollekt.) }

Latin: trēs, tria, trī-ginta, ord. tertius; terni 'je drei', trīni bei Pluraliatantum

Other Italic: Osk trís, Umbr acc. trif, n. triia

Celtic: OIr tri, trī, f. tēoir, tēora; Cymr tri, f. teir; tris 'third', Cymr trydydd, Corn trysse, trege

Albanian: tre, fem. tri; tritë 'third'

Russ. meaning: три

Proto-IE: *tern-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: thorny bush, thorn

Old Indian: tŕ̥ṇa- n. `grass, herb, straw'

Old Greek: térnak-s <acc. térnaka> `cactus stalk' (Hsch.)

Slavic: *tь̃rnъ, *tь̃rnjь

Germanic: *ɵurn-a- m., *ɵurn-u- c.; *ɵurn-ia- m.

Celtic: [ Ir trāinīn ]

Russ. meaning: растение (колючий кустарник), колючка растения

References: WP II 641

Proto-IE: *terp-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to have a good food, to prosper

Old Indian: tŕ̥pyati, tr̥pṇóti, tr̥mpáti `to satisfy oneself, be pleased with'; tŕ̥pti- f. `satisfaction, contentment'

Avestan: ɵrąfδa- `befriedigt, zufriedengestellt, ausreichend womit versehen', ɵrąfs- n. `Zufriedenheit'

Old Greek: térpomai̯, aor. ep. conj. 1 pl. tarpṓmetha, tetárpeto, tetá́rpasasthai̯, pass. tarpē̂nai, tarphthē̂nai̯, terphthē̂nai̯ `sich sättigen, sich erquicken, sich ergötzen, geniessen', térpō, aor. térpsai̯ `sättigen, eerquicken, ergötzen'; terpnó- `ergötzlich, erfreulich', térpsi-s f. `Ergötzung, Genuss', pl. térpea n. `id.'

Slavic: *torpъ, *torpī́tī

Baltic: *tar̂p-ā̂ (1/2) f., *terp-ā̂ (1) f.

Russ. meaning: сытно есть, процветать

References: WP I 736 f

Proto-IE: *terp-

Meaning: to need, to suffer

Slavic: *tьrpḗtī, *tь̀rpljǭ

Germanic: *ɵurf-a- vb.; *ɵarb-á-, *ɵarb-ṓ f.

Latin: turpis, -e `hässlich, garstig, entstellt; schänndlich, schimpflich', turpe n. `das sittlich Schlechte'

Russ. meaning: нуждаться, страдать, терпеть

References: WP I 736 f (differently in Pok.)

Comments: Cf. *(s)terp- - possibly the same root.

Proto-IE: *ter(y)-, *trēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to rub

Tokharian: A, B triw- 'be mixed, mix, shake' (PT *trīw-/*träiw- or *träip-, cf. A part. tattripu) (Adams 317)

Armenian: threm `knete Zeig'

Old Greek: téi̯rō, aeol. pf. inf. tétorthai̯ `aufreiben, erschöpfen, entkräften, quälen'

Slavic: *tь́rtī, *tь̃rǭ; *tьrā́tī; *torъ

Baltic: *trin̂- (*trin-a-) (1)

Latin: terō, -ere, trīvī/triī/teruī, trītum `reiben, abreiben, zerreiben, dreschen, aufreiben, vergeuden', trītus, -a `abgerieben, geübt', termentum, -ī n. `Schaden', trīticum, -ī n. `Weizen', trībulum, -ī n. `Dreschbrett, unten mit Eisenstücken besetzt, von Ochsen über die zu entkörnenden Ähren geschleift'; teres, -etis `länglichrund, glattrund; schlank, rundlich, drall; geschmackvoll, fein'

Celtic: MIr trēith `schwach'

Russ. meaning: тереть

References: WP I 729

Comments: Cf. *trū-.

Proto-IE: *teterw-, *tetrāw-

Meaning: heath-cock, grouse, pheasant

Old Indian: {tittirá- m., tittíri- m. `partridge'}

Other Iranian: NPers tadarv `Fasan'

Old Greek: tétaros m. 'pheasant' Ptol. Euerg.; tetráōn, -ōnos m. = órnis poiós Hsch., cf. Lat tetrao 'guinea-fowl, Meleagris numida' Suet., but also 'black grouse and capercaillie, Tetrao tetrix and urogallus', prob. in Plin. HN; tetrádōn (Alc.) prob. = tetráōn; tetraîon = ornithárion ti (lákōnes) Hsch.; tétrăk-s, -ăgos/-ăkos m. name of 2 kinds of wild birds, 1) prob. 'hazel-grouse or ryper', 2) a small bird, like the spermológos'; tétrik-s, -igos f. a bird, also called oûraks by the Athenians, diffnt. from tétraks and tetráōn, perhaps 'pipit'

Slavic: *tetervь, -ъ, *tet(e)rjā

Baltic: *teterw-ā̂ f., *teterw-a- m., *tetirw-ā̂, -iā̃ f., -ia c., *teter-ia- m.; *tī̂tar-a-, *tī̂ter-a- , -ia- (1) c.

Germanic: *ɵiɵur-a- m.

Latin: ? tarāx, -ācis m. "tetracem Rōmae quem nunc vocitāre tarācem coepērunt" Nemes. auc. 1

Celtic: OIr tethra 'Krähe'

Russ. meaning: птица (тетерев, глухарь, фазан)

References: WP I 718

Proto-IE: *teut-

Meaning: people

Hittite: tuzzi- (tuzzija-) c. 'Heer, Truppenmacht' (Friedrich 232)

Baltic: *taũt-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *ɵiud-ṓ f.; *ɵiud-an-a- m.

Other Italic: Osk touto `civitas'; Umbr acc. totam `civitatem'

Celtic: OIr tuath `Volk'; Cymr tūd `Land', Corn tus, MBret tut, NBret tud `die Leute'

Russ. meaning: народ

References: WP I 706 f

Proto-IE: *tewǝk-

Meaning: seed, sprout, foetus

Old Indian: túc- f. (only dat. tucé) `offspring, children', toká- n. id., tókman-, tokma- m. `young shoot, young blade of corn'

Avestan: taoxman- n. 'Keim, Same', pl. 'Verwandschaft'

Other Iranian: OPers taumā f. 'Geschlecht', NPers tuxm 'Same, Geschlecht'

Baltic: *taûk-a- c.

Germanic: *diux-t-ar- n.

Celtic: *tuknā > MIr tōn; Cymr tin podex

Russ. meaning: семя, побег, зародыш

References: WP I 713 f

Proto-IE: *tewǝk-, *twōk-

Meaning: fat, thigh

Old Greek: sō̂ko-s m. 'the stout, strong one (epit. of Hermes)' {sōkó- 'kräftig, stark' - wanted!}, sōkéō 'Kraft haben, vermögen'

Slavic: *tū̀kъ

Baltic: *taũk-a-/*taûk-a- c., *tauk-iā̃ f., *tuk- vb. inch., *tū̂k- (2) vb. inch.

Germanic: *ɵíux-a- n.

Latin: tūcētum, tuccētum, -ī n. 'колбасный рулет'

Celtic: OIr tōn 'podex'

Russ. meaning: жир, окорок

References: Fraenkel 1136

Comments: See the same root in *tawǝ-.

Proto-IE: *tew-, *twē-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to look after, to take care, to save

Old Greek: hom., ion. (Hdt.), att. sō̂-, ep., poet., kypr., ark., lak. sáo-, ion., att. sō̂o-, ep., Hdt.`heil, gesund, unversehrt'; ep. saóō `am Leben erhalten, retten'

Germanic: *ɵaw=, *ɵiu-ɵ-a- adj., *ɵiu-d-i- adj., *ɵiu-[d]-iōn- f., *ɵwē-ɵ=/*ɵwē-d=

Latin: tuor `betrachten, beobachten, beschützen, bewahren, unterhalten, pflegen', tueor, tuitus sum / tūtārī `id.', tūtus, -a `geschützt, gesichert; sicher, gefahrlos; vorsichtig'; tuor, -ōris m. `Gesicht', tūtor, -ōris m. `Beschützer; Vormund'; tūtēla f. `Schutz; Beschützer; Erhaltung'

Celtic: OIr tūath `link, nördlich'

Russ. meaning: присматривать, заботиться, спасать

References: WP I 705 f

Proto-IE: *tēm-

Meaning: to deafen, to make drunk

Old Indian: tā́myati `to gasp for breath, choke, be suffocated, faint away, perish', támati `to become immovable or stiff', ptc. -tāntá-; támiṣīcī f. `oppressing, stunning, confusing'; timyati `to become quiet', timita- `quiet, steady, fixed'

Armenian: thm(b)rim `werde betäubt, falle in Schlaf'

Slavic: *tomī́tī

Germanic: *ɵēm=

Latin: tēmētum, -ī n. `jedes berauschende Getränk, Met, Wein', tēmulentus, -a `trunken', abstēmius, -a `nüchtern'

Celtic: MIr tām `Tod', tāmaim `ruhe'

Russ. meaning: оглушать, опьянять

References: WP I 720

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